Saturday, November 2, 2013

Motion parallax (March - October, 2012)

So, I started therapy with Dr. Richard Kavner. I kept coming for sessions two or even three times a week, though later I reduced it to once a week for financial reasons. When given exercises, I diligently did them at home, but with considerably less enthusiasm than I did during my own experiments. This, by the way, was a huge mistake. I notice over and over how essential can be quantity.

Even though it looked like there was a little bit of improvement, gradually I lost even more enthusiasm. The first 20-30 sessions passed, I decided to continue therapy, and there was no end in sight. My vision was O.K.; however, now, I was "blessed" with double vision, which became a very pronounced issue after an initial period of VT. My right eye was more thoroughly unsuppressed and was actively fighting with my left eye. At the same time, perceptually everything was about the same. It looked like we were just doing a little bit of "polishing"; fundamentally, the "3D" was the same as before.

Whenever I did exercises with various stereograms "hanging in space", I would often receive instructions to sway my body left and right and to see, if the imaginary stereogram were moving "the same direction" or "the opposite direction". I did my best, although this always seemed to me a stupid exercises, as "obviously", if you sway right, everything would move to the left, and vice versa. Gradually, though, I became better at doing those exercises, and recognized, that sometimes the image would move "in the same direction", and sometimes --- "in the opposite".

Then one day, probably in September-October, 2012, I was walking down the street in Brooklyn. There were cars parked along both sides of the street. I was walking and, as usual, looking at the street, the cars, the trees, notice the depth, the distances, and so forth. Now, since I was walking, so to say, forward, the cars were perceptually moving back for me, much like if you look out of a train window, everything will be moving back relative to you. At some point I looked at a car parked on my side of the road, and noticed in the periphery, that the cars on the opposite side were moving forward. They were moving in the wrong direction!

This made no sense. The cars on the opposite side of the road seemed to be moving forward when I was going forward, so long as I looked on the cars parked on my side of the road. However, if I looked further away, perhaps at the buildings on the other side, then all cars seemed to be moving backward, relative to my movement. That is, it mattered where I was looking.

This was an entirely new phenomenon. Prior to that, the direction of my gaze had never made much difference. Of course, if I turned my head or my body, I could look at other things. However, it my no difference, which particular object I was looking at; it was much like moving a mouse pointer on a computer screen: "visual focus" simply meant "attention". Yet in this situation, shifting my gaze while moving changed the direction in which the cars (that I saw in the peripheral vision) were "moving": from backward to forward. It really mattered, what I was looking it; and, in fact, I received immediate feedback as to what I was looking it. Of course, at first it was not easy to trigger this parallax effect: it had to keep looking at a particular car or object for 5-10 seconds before the effect kicked in. But I immediately went for a walk, and after 1-2 hours I was able to reduce the time to less than a second. That is, if I started looking at some object while walking, after about 1 second I felt that the parallax effect started working somewhere in my visual system, and lots of objects in the periphery suddenly started moving, one way or another. On the following days this parallax effect only got stronger; and it has been with me ever since. Now I can hardly imagine, what I "saw" prior to that. The best explanation I have is that prior to discovering this new "parallax effect" I had never been looking at anything, or at least not consistently. True, I had written in this blog about "binocular focus", but I think that I had been very imprecise with my focus, sometimes looking a little in front of an object, sometimes a little behind, and easily loosing focus when either I or the object was moving.

Of all the changes that I have so far experienced in vision therapy, that was perhaps the most significant one. It was almost as surprising as the original discovery of stereopsis. Almost all of the other changes during my vision therapy have been relatively minor, incremental; this one was radical, black-and-white kind of change, after which the new mode of seeing quickly and completely replaced the old one.

If I take off the contact lens on my eye, the fusion get much worse, and the parallax effect does not work that well. But this is still not the same as it was in the past. Now the parallax effect makes complete sense. I could even draw a diagram. Of course, if I am walking along the street and looking on the car on this side, perceptually the cars and the buildings on the other side would be moving in the same direction. Yet a little more than a year ago this was virtually beyond my imagination.

Update: October, 2011 - March, 2012

Many people have asked me to continue my blog, so here is an update.

After the events described in this blog I stopped regular work on my eyes, as I didn't have the enthusiasm to devote to it several hours every day without any clear direction. Gradually my vision deteriorated a little bit. The stereopsis stayed, but it became somewhat weirder, somewhat more unfocused. I went for an evaluation at New York Eye and Ear. First of all, they prescribed me contact lenses as my right eye was a bit nearsighted. They gave me -1.75 for the right eye and also temporarily 0.50 for the left, normal, eye, just to help to recover the balance between the eyes. After a few weeks they still checked my vision and concluded that my right eye was "beyond training" and that I needed an operation for strabismus to recover. They also checked for fusion with a prism, to straighten the right eye, and -- indeed -- I was able to see a stereogram in this case. So they concluded that the strabismus operation was likely to be effective. I asked about the risks. The doctor (Christopher Seebruck, MD) said that the risk was comparable to that of being hit by a lightning; though, on the Internet I found out that even the chance of death from a strabismus operation was rather high, much higher than that of being hit by a lightning. But, anyway, in February, 2012, the congress of doctors told me that I needed an operation, and that I should make an appointment if/when I made this choice. For some reason they really stressed that I had some "pseudostrabismus", so that even after an operation, my eyes wouldn't be cosmetically 100% straight. This didn't really bother me that much; I was more worried that an operation could cause some irreparable damage; and, besides, after my own experiences of discovering stereopsis, I couldn't believe that my right eye was "beyond" training: after all, I saw 3D around me, and they tried to judge it by some tiny stereogram that, probably, required much higher stereoacuity. By the way, the doctors were not terribly interested in my story about acquiring binocular vision. Only one very old and experienced doctor, who at one point came to check my eyes, seemed to attach some credibility to my explanation. Also, they discussed it all with me on a very basic level: eye in the center, eye on the side, etc. At times I felt I knew more about stereopsis than they did.

In the meantime, I made an appointment with Dr. Kavner, a vision therapist recommended to me by somebody from Peter Grunwald's retreat. He made an initial evaluation and said that he should be able to make my eyes to converge at a relatively close distance --- I forgot, perhaps a foot --- after 20-30 sessions, if I remember correctly. He was not that interested in my own story either, but I didn't try to push it after the way it was received at NYEE. After that visit I didn't really have an opinion, but I did notice that my vision somewhat improved just after this 30-minute evaluation; and I wondered, how beneficial should be the actual therapy.

During the winter of 2011-2012 I went home to Russia and decided to get a third opinion. I went to "Eksimer", a top, fancy, dedicated vision clinic in St. Petersburg, and paid for a complete evaluation.  I was evaluated by two doctors: one --- a very experienced opthalmologist with decades of experience; the other --- specifically an expert on strabismus. Now, recall that, in addition to strabismus, I had imperfect vision in my right eye: a lens for -1.75. The first thing they told me: I needed laser correction. That was the first step, and then they had to make the decision about strabismus operation. I mentioned the opinion I received in New York --- one by NYEE, the other by Dr. Kavner. Both opinions were dismissed; they said something like "We here [in St. Petersburg, Russia] know what we are doing; they don't know very much [there, in New York]". But wait... On top of that they offered me a 10% discount on laser correction if I did it TOMORROW. This was not an easy decision to make, but eventually I convinced myself to decline this option, as clearly they didn't have my best interest in mind. Furthermore, my mother argued that, should I have any issues, I'd have to travel back to Russia to see a doctor.

Back in New York, I still had to decided what to do. Eventually I decided to give vision therapy a try --- after all, I was promised some specific results after 20-30 sessions --- and, thus, not to risk going for an operation right away. I was also very curious about VT, and it was much more in line with my philosophy. Though, I admit, it was tempting to just go and schedule an operation, so that --- it seemed --- all my problems would go away in just a few weeks.

So I started vision therapy with Dr. Richard Kavner. This was in spring, 2012...